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CSS Tables

If you build an HTML tables without any style then the browser displays it without a border. By using CSS, you can style the tables to improve appearance of table.

Adding Borders to Tables

With the help of CSS border property, you can define the border for tables.
The below example will set the red border for <table>, <th>, and <td> elements.

Example:

table, th, td {

border: 2px dashed red;

}
Try it

Collapsing Table Borders

In the previous example, every table cell has a separate border as well as there is some space between the borders of adjacent table cells. It is because table cell borders are separated by default. But if you are using the border-collapse property then the separate border converted into one.
It has two values: collapse and separate.

Example:

table {

border-collapse: collapse;

}

table, th, td {

border: 2px dashed red;

}
Try it

Border Spacing

This property specifies the space between the borders of adjacent cells.

Example:

table {

border-collapse: separate;

border-spacing: 50px;

}

Try it

Table Width and Height

To control the table width and height, use the CSS width and height property.

Example:

table, td, th {

border: 1px dashed red;

}

table {

border-collapse: separate;

width: 100%;

}

td {

height: 40px;

}

Try it

Caption Side

The caption-side property is used to set the position of content of an <caption> element.
It has the following values: top, bottom, left, right.

Example:

.top {

caption-side: top;

}

.bottom {

caption-side: bottom;

}

Try it

Horizontal and Vertical Alignment

By using text-align property, you can horizontally align the content in <th> or <td>. It has the following values: left, right, and center.
And by using vertical-align property, you can vertically align the content in <th> or <td>. It has the values: top, bottom, and middle.

Example:

table, td, th {

border: 1px dashed red;

}

table {

border-collapse: separate;

width: 100%;

}

th {

text-align: left;

}

td {

height: 40px;

vertical-align: bottom;

}

Try it

Empty Cells

The empty-cells property which used to defines whether a cell without any content should have a border displayed.
It has the following values- show, hide or inherit.

By using the empty-cells property, you can hide borders of empty cells in the

element.

Example:

table.show {

empty-cells: show;

}

table.hide {

empty-cells: hide;

}

Try it

Table Layout

This property defines the algorithm to be used to lay out the table cells, rows, and columns.
This property can have the following values: fixed, auto or inherit.

Example:

table.auto {

table-layout: auto;

width: 100%;

}

table.fixed {

table-layout: fixed;

width: 50%;

}

Try it

Horizontal Dividers

By using border-bottom property to <th> and <td>, you can add horizontal dividers.

Example:

th, td {

border-bottom: 2px solid #ff5722;

}

Try it

Striped Tables

For striped tables, use the nth-child() selector and add a background-color to all odd (or even) table rows.

Example:

tr:nth-child(odd) {

background-color: #e2e2e2;

}

Try it

Table Color

With the help of background-color and color property, you can change the color of the table elements.
The below example shows how to change the background color of the <th> element.

Example:

th {

background-color: #ff5722;

}

Try it

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